Showing posts with label Throwback Thursday. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Throwback Thursday. Show all posts

17/06/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - THE HOURS by MICHAEL CUNNINGHAM ( 1998)

For this event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway , this time I've chosen a beautiful novel I've been recently thinking about since I  re-read  MRS DALLOWAY by Virginia Woolf with my students. THE HOURS by Michael Cunningham is just dedicated to Woolf and her 1925 novel.
Throwback Thursday is a corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget .


Passionate, profound, and deeply moving, this novel is Cunningham's most remarkable achievement to date, Winner of the Pulitzer Prize for Fiction and the PEN/Faulkner Award. To me it is one the most beautiful and unforgettable reads of the last 10 years.


Michael Cunningham, widely praised as one of the most gifted writers of his generation, draws inventively on the life and work of Virginia Woolf to tell the stories of three different women: Wirginia Woolf herself in the last days of her life before her suicide early in WWII, coping with the troubled writing of her “Mrs Dalloway”; Clarissa Vaughan , an editor living in today New York city , caught in her attempt to organize a party for Richard, her most loved friend and ex-lover who is dying from AIDS; finally, Laura Brown a housewife living in California in the years soon after the War, who dreams to escape her boring ordinary life at least for one day, one day only ...What is the link between the three women? Apparently a very subtle thread: Virginia is writing Mrs Dalloway , whose name is Clarissa like Mrs Vaughan living in today’s New York city, which is also the book Laura takes with her in her brief escape from her world. But the reader will discover deeper connections page after page, till the final surprising revelation .


This novel is Cunningham’s homage to Woolf’s great talent and what I most admired in his style was the capacity to tell the three stories into one recalling Woolf’s indirect interior monologue, very often recalling/quoting her Mrs Dalloway.

Only literature can give sense to our confused, slanting lives. Moreover, literature is the mirror in which life reflecting its image succeeds for an instance to tell about itself. Woolf’s moments of beings are in Cunningham, too. Revelations of life itself.

You can understand how poignantly beautiful this novel is just tasting its Prologue. Three pages I love re-reading from time to time. Do it yourself, here.

Trivia

- On her way to Richard's apartment, Clarissa Vaughan thinks she sees Meryl Streep. Meryl Streep ended up playing Clarissa Vaughan in Stephen Daldry's movie adaptation of "The Hours". In the book, Clarissa Vaughan considers it might also have been Vanessa Redgrave that she saw. Curiously, Redgrave plays the part of Clarissa Dalloway in the 1997 film version of Mrs Dalloway.

- Mrs. Brown is a character in Virginia Woolf's essay, "Mr. Bennett and Mrs. Brown".

- Two anachronisms are presented by Cunningham in his book. The first is on page 30 (1998 edition) where he writes of Virginia Woolf, "She rises from her bed and goes into the bathroom." Hogarth House was built in 1720 and in 1923, it did not have a bathroom, only an outhouse. The second is on p. 43 where Mrs. Brown in 1949 sees "beside the roses stand cereal box and milk carton..." Although Lucerne Dairy did have milk cartons in 1938, they did not come into common use until the 1960s. These are both corrected in the film Woolf is depicted using a ewer and basin to wash in the morning, and the Browns have milk in a bottle.



After reading the novel, I suggest you to watch the movie (2002) .
It’s actually worth seeing!

03/06/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - MRS DALLOWAY by VIRGINIA WOOLF (1925)

For this event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway , this time I've chosen a beautiful novel I've been recently re-reading pages from with my students, MRS DALLOWAY by  Virginia Woolf. Throwback Thursday is a corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget .

I've been teaching about epiphanies in Joyce as well as  moments of being in Virginia Woolf and I think I've  had one while reading Mrs Dalloway with my students few days ago.

" ... Clarissa Dalloway has recently  turned 51 ... The novel covers one day from morning to night in her life. Clarissa Dalloway, an upper-class housewife, walks through her London neighborhood to prepare for the party she will host that evening. When she returns from flower shopping, an old suitor and friend, Peter Walsh, drops by her house unexpectedly. The two have always judged each other harshly, and their meeting in the present intertwines with their thoughts of the past. Years earlier, Clarissa refused Peter's marriage proposal, and Peter has never quite gotten over it. Peter asks Clarissa if she is happy with her husband, Richard, but before she can answer, her daughter, Elizabeth, enters the room. Peter leaves and goes to Regent's Park. He thinks about Clarissa's refusal, which still obsesses him... (Clarissa Dalloway is 51!?!) "

(Young Clarissa refusing Peter Walsh)

I went on talking to  my silent 19-year-old students ,  I was telling them something  about the plot of this novel before reading some passages to them when ...my heart leapt into my mouth... I was talking about Clarissa Dalloway as if she was so much older than me but she actually wasn't! I'm not that far from her age! Why hadn't I realized before? Last year, for instance? Because my mind goes on kind of disconnected from my age. Does this happen to any of you? Not that I go on acting as if I were in my twenties but, I must admit , I have to make an effort to remember how old I am  when asked. And when,  after the effort of recalling,  the answer comes to my mind ... oh, gosh! ...my heart leaps into my mouth, just as it happened while explaining  Woolf to my students. Does this actually means I am becoming old?  What I'm sure of is that I read Virginia Woolf's Mrs Dalloway with a greater sense of self - recognition this year.

Let's go on with the plot of the  novel...

The point of view then shifts to Septimus, a veteran of World War I who was injured in trench warfare and now suffers from shell shock. Septimus has an Italian wife, Lucrezia, they pass time in Regent's Park. They are waiting for Septimus's appointment with Sir William Bradshaw, a celebrated psychiatrist. Before the war, Septimus was a budding young poet and lover of Shakespeare; when the war broke out, he enlisted immediately for romantic patriotic reasons. He became numb to the horrors of war and its aftermath: when his friend Evans died, he felt little sadness. Now Septimus sees nothing of worth in the England he fought for, and he has lost the desire to preserve either his society or himself. Suicidal, he believes his lack of feeling is a crime. Clearly Septimus's experiences in the war have permanently scarred him, and he has serious mental problems. However, Sir William does not listen to what Septimus says and diagnoses “a lack of proportion.” Sir William plans to separate Septimus from Lucrezia and send him to a mental institution in the country.

This theme of shell - shocked veterans from WWI is quite recurrent on my blog these days (Regeneration, A Month in the Country) and I do  find it quite interesting . It is especially interesting to see how Woolf deals with it. In fact,  she wrote “I adumbrate here a study of insanity and suicide; the world seen by the sane and the insane side by side” (14 October 1922).  At the end of this story Septimus will choose death and Clarissa Dalloway life (and old age),  but all through the day they will often be in the same places in London reacting differently to the same events, watching with different eyes the same reality. They share much, though.

 Let's go back to my notes...

(Clarissa accepts Richard's proposal)

Constantly overlaying the past and the present, Clarissa strives to reconcile herself to life despite her potent memories. For most of the novel she considers aging and death with trepidation, even as she performs life-affirming actions, such as buying flowers. Though content, Clarissa never lets go of the doubt she feels about the decisions that have shaped her life, particularly her decision to marry Richard instead of Peter Walsh. She understands that life with Peter would have been difficult, but at the same time she is uneasily aware that she sacrificed passion for the security and tranquillity of an upper-class life. At times she wishes for a chance to live life over again. She experiences a moment of clarity and peace when she watches her old neighbor through her window, and by the end of the day she has come to terms with the possibility of death. Like Septimus, Clarissa feels keenly the oppressive forces in life, and she accepts that the life she has is all she'll get. Her will to endure, however, prevails.


 

 I love this novel, melancholic and tragic as it is, I just love it.

( The pictures and the clip in this post are taken from  Mrs Dalloway 1997 )

20/05/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - SOMEONE TO RUN WITH by DAVID GROSSMAN

For this event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway , I've chosen this beautiful  novel set in Jerusalem by David GrossmanSOMEONE TO RUN WITH (2000, English translation 2003). Throwback Thursday is a corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget .



"Someone to run with" manages to be both a profound study of the inner lives of two teenagers and a novel that has pace, bite and a well-sustained plot ... beautifully drawn ... an intensely gripping novel (Financial Times)
It is actually an incredibly beautiful book that manages to unite social realism (contemporary life in Israel) and dizzy teenage romance. It is full of feelings and emotions and drawn with intelligence, skill and sensitivity.

The plot
 
The story follows two Israeli teenagers - Assaf, a lanky errand boy in Jerusalem's City Hall, and Tamar, a runaway with "eyes that saw too much" - and Dinka, the golden Labrador that eventually brings them together.
Grossman has sprinkled a good deal of destiny into this story, such that by the time the two puppy lovers meet, their otherwise implausible romance seems inexorable. When the story begins, Assaf is poised on the brink of independence. He is spending his summer estranged from his parents, who are tending to his sister in America. He is also estranged from his childhood friends, who have coupled off and left him alone with his computer games. Assaf has plenty of free time on his hands and a head filled with fantasies, which is to say that the potential for self-invented adventure is high. "Sometimes it is so easy to determine the exact moment when something -- Assaf's life, for instance -- starts to change, irreversibly, forever," Grossman writes.

Enter Dinka, the plot incarnate. When the stray dog turns up at City Hall, Assaf is tasked with finding her owner. But Dinka immediately takes charge, dragging Assaf at breakneck speed through the streets of Jerusalem in search of Tamar. Assaf knows nothing about the girl or her whereabouts, but Dinka draws him into her world by leading him to her favorite haunts. As he meets Tamar's eccentric band of acquaintances, he gathers clues and begins to sense that Tamar is in some sort of trouble....



Tamar has embarked on a heroic quest of her own, and she has, indeed, placed herself in harm's way. Disappearing from family and friends, she has slipped into the city's seedy underground in search of her brother, Shai, a heroin junkie she hopes to rescue. She finds him holed up in a sort of halfway house for street performers and discovers that he's indentured to the thugs running the racket. In order to get close, she impersonates a wayward chanteuse and subjects herself to the gang's abuses, waiting for the perfect moment to escape with Shai in tow...

It is a brainy and thrilling quest novel that reveals a complete understanding of the human heart. There are some unforgettable moments. And the two protagonists are -  Tamar especially - two unforgettable compelling characters.
The story has been adapted for the screen (2006) with a very small  budget but  the result - which I managed to see -  is rather disappointing, not only for the poverty of the financial means. For instance, the story - line in the film is definitely confused, even if you have already read the book.
What I recommend heartily is to read the novel! You won't be disappointed.
( the DVD is available here and the book here)


OTHER POSTS ON DAVID GROSSMAN AND HIS WORKS

29/04/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - REGENERATION by PAT BARKER (1991)

For this event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway this week, I've chosen this historical novel set in WWI  by Pat Barker, Regeneration (1991). Throwback Thursday is a  corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget .

Survivors

No doubt they'll soon get well; the shock and strain
Have caused their stammering, disconnected talk.
Of course they're "longing to go out again,"--
These boys with old, scared faces, learning to walk,
They'll soon forget their haunted nights; their cowed
Subjection to the ghosts of friends who died,--
Their dreams that drip with murder; and they'll be proud
Of glorious war that shatter'd all their pride ...
Men who went out to battle, grim and glad;
Children, with eyes that hate you, broken and mad.
(CRAIGLOCKART,Oct. 1917)

This poem was written at Craiglockhart War Hospital, Edinburgh, by one of the most influential war poets. It describes the young men he met there, the patients of that mental asylum.

Regeneration, Pat Barker's first novel in her Great War trilogy, is a work of historical fiction focusing on Craiglockhart War Hospital in Scotland in 1917.
Though Barker traces her interest in World War I back to her early childhood, she attributes the immediate inspiration for Regeneration to her husband, a neurologist, who was familiar with Dr. W.H.R. Rivers's experiments on nerve regeneration in the early twentieth century.

POETS AT WAR
At least three of the novel's characters are based on real individuals who knew each other while they were at Craiglockhart. Siegfried Sassoon, a soldier and famous poet, protested the war in 1917, and for this, he was sent to the mental hospital. Wilfred Owen, perhaps the most famous war poet of his era, was also at Craiglockhart, and was greatly influenced by his older and more experienced fellow patient, Sassoon. Dr. W.H.R. Rivers, a scientist known originally for anthropological studies, served as a psychiatrist at the hospital for a short period near the end of the war; nevertheless, his influence on Sassoon was substantial. Sassoon mentioned or referred to Rivers in several publications after his "treatment." Although Barker bases her characters on real individuals, her work is a fictional account of the period they spent together at Craiglockhart.

Sigfried Sassoon was sent to Craiglockhart for his declaration against the war, in order  to escape being courtmarshalled. His words open Pat Barker's first chapter of Regeneration (1991):

I am making this statement as an act of wilful defiance of military authority, because I believe that the War is being deliberately prolonged by those who have the power to end it. I am a soldier, convinced that I am acting on behalf of soldiers. I believe that this War, on which I entered as a war of defence and liberation, has now become a war of aggression and conquest. I believe that the purpose for which I and my fellow soldiers entered upon this war should have been so clearly stated as to have made it impossible to change them, and that, had this been done, the objects which actuated us would now be attainable by negotiation. I have seen and endured the sufferings of the troops, and I can no longer be a party to prolong these sufferings for ends which I believe to be evil and unjust. I am not protesting against the conduct of the war, but against the political errors and insincerities for which the fighting men are being sacrificed. On behalf of those who are suffering now I make this protest against the deception which is being practised on them; also I believe that I may help to destroy the callous complacency with which the majority of those at home regard the contrivance of agonies which they do not, and which they have not sufficient imagination to realize.

(Plot summary HERE)

(Wilfred Owen)
FROM THE BOOK TO THE MOVIE
At Craiglockhart hospital, Sassoon met Wilfred Owen who loved poetry but didn't dare write about the horrors he had experienced in the trenches. Owen  was convinced poetry had nothing to do with the ugliness of the war. Sassoon suggested him to write war poems and Owen started doing it just in that military hospital. This is how Gillies Mackinnon (director) imagined their meeting in  1997  adaptation of Pat Barker's novel.


(Watch the video Owen meets Sassoon on my Utube Channel)

REGENERATION   is a beautiful war movie with excellent actors as well as Pat Barker's omonymous novel is one of the best fiction work about WWI I've ever read. Before leaving you with another clip from the film, in which the director imagines the composition of Owen's DULCE ET DECORUM EST at Craiglockhart, let's read the famous poem again:

Bent double, like old beggars under sacks,
Knock-kneed, coughing like hags, we cursed through sludge,
Till on the haunting flares we turned our backs
And towards our distant rest began to trudge.
Men marched asleep. Many had lost their boots
But limped on, blood-shod. All went lame; all blind;
Drunk with fatigue; deaf even to the hoots
Of tired, outstripped Five-Nines that dropped behind.

Gas! Gas! Quick, boys! – An ecstasy of fumbling,
Fitting the clumsy helmets just in time;
But someone still was yelling out and stumbling,
And flound'ring like a man in fire or lime. . .
Dim, through the misty panes and thick green light,
As under a green sea, I saw him drowning.
In all my dreams, before my helpless sight,
He plunges at me, guttering, choking, drowning.

If in some smothering dreams you too could pace
Behind the wagon that we flung him in,
And watch the white eyes writhing in his face,
His hanging face, like a devil's sick of sin;
If you could hear, at every jolt, the blood
Come gargling from the froth-corrupted lungs,
Obscene as cancer, bitter as the cud
Of vile, incurable sores on innocent tongues,
My friend, you would not tell with such high zest
To children ardent for some desperate glory,
The old Lie: Dulce et Decorum est
Pro patria mori.



08/04/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - BRAVE NEW WORLD by ALDOUS HUXLEY (1932)

This is an event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway . It is a weekly (though I've not been that regular lately) corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget.

Aldous Huxley's BRAVE NEW WORLD is part of an unforgettable trilogy of masterpieces to me which are strictly connected each other. The other two novels are 1984 by George Orwell and Ray Bradbury's FAHRENHEIT 451. They are all science fiction dystopian novels, not my favourite genre,  but the three of them left an indelible mark inside me. There is science fiction and science fiction. These three novels are amazingly interesting and frighteningly premonitory.
They all imagine life in a dystopian society, under totalitarian regimes, in which human beings are dehumanized and totally deprived of their freedom.

In Brave New World , set in the future year A. F . 632 ( 632 years after the advent of the American magnate Henry Ford), the stability of the World State is maintained through a combination of biological engineering and exhaustive conditioning. The citizens have not been born but "hatched" to fill their predestined social roles. In infancy the virtues of passive obedience, material consumption and mindless promiscuity are inculcated upon them by means of hypnopedia or sleep - teaching. In later life the citizens of the World State are given free handouts of soma , the Government  - approved dope. The World State's motto is: "Community, Identity, Stability". The World State is divided into ten zones, each run by a Resident World Controller. "His fordshisp", Mustapha Mond, the controller of the Western European Zone centred in London, heads a hierarchical, factory-like concern with a mass of Epsilon- Minus Semi - Moron bred for menial labour at the base and with castes of increasing ability ranked above them. Immediately below Mond there are a caste of Alpha- Plus intellectuals. Bernard Marx and Helmhotz Watson are members of this elite, but both have developed subversive tendencies, taking delight in such deviant pleasures as being alone and abstaining from sex.

The only other human beings permitted to exist beyond the pale of the World State are the inhabitants of the various Savage Reservations. Segregated by electrified fences from the Fordian hell which surrounds them, the savages still get married, make love, give birth and die as of old. It is while visiting the Reservation in New Mexico that Bernard Marx meets a savage named John, whom he brings to London. John's disruptive presence in London will give the reader the possibility to share his perspective of that full totalitarian horror of AF. 632.

My favourite pages in this novel are in chapter 16. Mustapha Mond, the Controller of the Western European Zone, and John the Savage talk about books and the main values in the World State : Order and Stability. Bernard Marx and Helmhotz Watson are there too. According to Mond the freedom of knowledge is the first they have to deny their citizens. Freedom must be sacrificed to maintain order and stability...

READ CHAPTER 16 - CLICK HERE

01/04/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - MARTIN EDEN by JACK LONDON (1909)

This is an event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway . It is a weekly (though I've not been that regular lately) corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget.


 MARTIN EDEN by JACK LONDON , whose real name was John Griffith London,  is another of those stories that hooked me when I read them first time and it has become part of my literary roots. It’s another of those stories about an extraordinary young person I like reading with / to my students. It’s the story of a young sailor and labourer who has a great dream, to become a part of the wealthy bourgeoisie, to belong to those people who led a high-thinking life.
Inspired by the college-educated society girl Ruth Morse he starts self – educating himself. Knowledge and writing become his obsessions. Martin becomes a writer at last and expresses in his works the views upon life he has learnt from his reading of Spencer. However, only Russ Brissenden - a leftist poet based upon George Sterling - sees the value of his work. When he seems to grasp the fulfillment of his dream, he loses Ruth, now his fiancée , who does not value anything that is not "established" and sees him as a failure because magazines will not publish his writing and because he has become notorious for being a socialist although those accusations are untrue.
The story sees Martin achieve fame at last but not happiness and gratification: he doesn’t belong to the world he aspired to nor he belongs any longer to his own class either . Some elements of the novel hint at autobiography on the part of London who was also a sailor.


First published as a book in 1909, Martin Eden was too early for its audience. The myth of individual success through hard work still dominated American culture. The revolutionary idea that hard work and success were self – defeating in an unlovely mechanical society was unpalatable, both to radicals and to Republicans. This meant that it was a failure at the time because it was before its time.
Anyway, in the general revaluation of London’s work, Martin Eden has taken a significant place. Its force and appeal have survived the passage of time.
What are the features of this story or of its protagonist which give the book such force and appeal?
I think in this novel Jack London conveys himself, his superhuman effort not to be sucked back into the deep well of society, his extreme tension toward a life of the spirit, his solitary choice - stubborn and misunderstood – to become a writer, his illusion to be able to challenge - he alone - the whole of society and his final unavoidable failure. He didn't fail, his hero does. But who knows? Not always being successful  corresponds to being happy.
All that  makes Martin Eden a very contemporary hero to me, beyond space and time. Despite his failure, or just because of it.


18/03/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - ABOUT A BOY by NICK HORNBY

This is an event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway . It is a weekly corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget.
 This week one of my favourite British contemporary novelists, someone who knows how to make me smile and think at the same time while reading, all through his witty, humorous  novels: Nick Hornby. The first of his works I read was ABOUT A BOY (1998) and it is another of those book I like to read to/with my students. They are teenagers like one of the protagonsists of the novel, Marcus. Instead,  I'm an adult -  well I hope a more responsible and less shallow one - like the other main character, Will Freeman.  We can compare ourselves on the same story, which is both emotional and utterly entertaining. About a boy is really about the  embarassing, hilarious, awful grounds where adults and kids can meet.

Will is  36 but acts like a teenager. Single, child-free and still feeling cool, he reads the right magazines, goes to the right clubs and knows which trainers to wear. He's also discovered a great way to score with women at single parents' groups, full of grateful available mothers, all looking for Mr Nice Guy.
That's when Will meets Marcus, 12. The oldest 12-year-old in the world. Marcus is odd, bizzarre, especially to Will. He listens to Mozart and likes Joni Mitchell! He takes care of his mother and does his best to make her happy and proud of him. Maybe Will can teach Marcus how to be a kid , but, of course Marcus will help Will to grow up. In the end both learn to act their age.


ABOUT A BOY is  also a movie  I love . I hit it off with the story when I saw it at the cinema (2002)  and  it was one of those rare occasions in which I first saw the film then bought the book.  Hugh Grant is Will, Nicholas Hoult is Marcus, Toni Collette is Fiona - Marcus's mother and Rachel Weisz is Rachel.

11/03/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - THE BELL JAR by SYLVIA PLATH

This is an event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway . It is a weekly corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget. This week one of my favourite poets' only novel, Sylvia Plath's THE BELL JAR.

I shut my eyes and all the world drops dead;
I lift my lids and all is born again.
(I think I made you up inside my head).
(-from ‘Mad Girl’s Love Song’ by Sylvia Plath, 1954)

It was 2003. I had several reasons for reading Sylvia Plath’s The Bell Jar.

One, I had developed a big interest for stories about depression, being insane, fragility. After watching the movie from Susan Kaysen’s Girl Interrupted and after reading Paolo Coelho’s Veronika Decides To Die , I wanted to to try The Bell Jar.

Two, I was curious to read Sylvia Plath’s only novel. I was very fond of her as a poet and wondered how her works would be like when she could more freely use letters and words into a big story.

Third and last, The Bell Jar has been constantly compared to JD Salinger’s Catcher and the Rye which is a book I do love. As a fanatic of Holden Caufield, I have developed this sudden urge to read Bell Jar and see if Esther Greenwood could be his female counterpart.

The story of Bell Jar is a first person account of Esther Greenwood. Sylvia Plath herself, her story at 19. Esther, like Sylvia, is a girl who has almost everything she could ask for. She’s an individual with a mind that is above average , extremely sensitive, intellingent and talented . With all of that provided for her, Esther is also struggling with the perennial problems of morality, behavior and identity crisis. The stress and the pressure of being an achiever burns her mind out ; the tension of sexual relations and the double standards on women’s virginity , the ups and downs of family relationships increase her sense of derangement.

Esther compares her life to that of an existence in a bell jar, where the air is stiff, heavy and unchanging. She feels as if she is watching her own life and everything that happened to her from within the jar.

Perhaps the best thing about the book is the fact that the life of Esther is synonymous with what the author, Sylvia Plath, had experienced. Like Esther, Plath had gone through a struggling ordeal in finding the real meaning of life and its hidden uncertainties and her eventual fall into the pit of madness.

The book has some similarities with JD Salinger’s Catcher in the Rye: both Esther and Holden are troubled young souls searching for the true meaning of life and their existence. Both escapes the reality they can’t accept. Both are considered crazy because of their atypicality and fragility.

“For the first time in my life, sitting there in the sound-proof heart of the UN building between Constantin who could play tennis as well as simultaneously interpret and the Russian girl who knew so many idioms I felt dreadfully inadequate. The trouble was, I had been inadequate all along, I simply hadn’t thought about it.
The one thing I was good at was winning scholarships and prizes, and that era was coming to an end. felt like a racehorse in a world without race-tracks...” (ch. 7)

Other posts about Sylvia Plath on Fly High


04/03/2010

Throwback Thursday - REUNION by FRED UHLMAN

This is an event hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway . It is a weekly corner to write about good reads from the past. Those books we so much loved and we don't want to forget. This week a literary jewel, a novella by Fred Uhlman , REUNION, in Italian "L'amico ritrovato".
Fred Uhlman was a lawyer by profession. He was a German  of Jewish origin. He was born on 19th January 1901 in Stuttgart, Germany.
'Reunion', his novella, was published in English in 1971 (in Italy , 1977). Arthur Koestler, in his Introduction to the book, called it "a minor masterpiece". "Hundreds of bulky tomes have now been written about the age when corpses were melted into soap to keep the master race clean; yet I sincerely believe that this slim volume will find its lasting place on the shelves."-- he wrote.

This short novel is a story of adolescence and frindship between two boys, whom history, that is, the rise of Nazism , separates and ultimately destroys. The narrator , Hans Schwarz, is the son of a Jewish doctor and the grandson of a rabbi, and forms an intense frindship with Konradin von Hohefels, the young aristocrat in his class. A year later everything is over . Nothing remarkable between the two adolescents has happened, except that it is 1932 and Hitler has seized power in Germany...

(the poster of the movie, screenplay by Harold Pinter from Uhlman's novella, 1989)

This is a touching little book from my bookshelf that I love reading in the original version with my students, when they don't read it in our mother tongue with their Italian teachers. It's only 70 pages. Perfection is reading also "No coward Soul", the twin novella published in 1979, which tells the same story , this time from Konradin von Hohefels's point of view. Only this way you can actually understand REUNION.

Just a brief quotation:
"I don't know where I read that 'death undermines our confidence in life by showing that in the end everything is equally futile before the final darkness'. Yes, 'futile' is the right word. Still I musn't grumble: I have more friends than enemies and there are moments when I am almost glad to be alive. When I watch the sun set and moon rise, or see snow mountain tops."

Fred Uhlman died in London on April 11, 1985.

 

18/02/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - HAMLET'S DRESSER by Bob Smith

This is a wonderful read from my recent past, it’s a memoir by Bob Smith, THE HAMLET’S DRESSER. Published in the English version in 2002, I read it in Italian  (  Il ragazzo che amava Shakespeare, edizioni Tea Due) in the summer 2007, more precisely in August 2007.
Throwback Thursday is hosted by Jenny at TakeMeAway.



Do you know what a Hamlet’s dresser does? It’s a job I had never heard about before reading this touching memoir. After that , since I love theatre but only among the audience or backstage, I added it to my dream job list ( first in the list: librarian!) I loved the human aspects of this book and the fact that it is permeated of Shakespeare’s world. This is in fact the true story of a boy whose life was saved by literature. Bob Smith’s Hamlet's Dresser is a portrait of a person made whole by art. His childhood was a fragile and lonely one, spent largely caring for his handicapped sister, Carolyn and longing for more attention from his parents . But at the age og ten, his local librarian gave him a copy of Shakespeare's The Merchant of Venice, and it transformed him. In Bob's first look at Shakespeare's penetrating language -- "In sooth I know not why I am so sad" -- he had found a window through which to view the world. Years later, when the American Shakespeare Festival moved into Stratford, Connecticut, and Smith was hired as Hamlet's dresser, his life's passion took shape.

Read an excerpt from the book

Prologue


What should we speak of
When we are old as you? When we shall hear
The rain and wind beat dark December? How
In this our pinching cave shall we discourse
The freezing hours away?
— Cymbeline, 3.3

Zoe died. There'll be a service someplace in Jersey, but not until late April. Zoe was in the original group of old people who came to me for Shakespeare. She couldn't bear Cymbeline. She turned her nose up at all the late plays.

"I'm eighty-one," she'd scowl. "Time to say what's on my mind." What was on her mind was that, at forty-six, William Shakespeare'd run out of genius.

"What about The Tempest," I'd plead, "or Winter's Tale?"

"Robert, dear...." She'd twist her face into a mock sourpuss. "You are grotesquely sentimental." She was wrong about Shakespeare but probably dead right about me.

Zoe was no worshiper, except for dance. She adored the ballet. Her dreary one-bedroom apartment in the Penn South middle-income housing project was a grotto shrine of dusky ballet slippers swaying on shimmering ribbons. Whose? I always wondered. Zoe had never been a dancer. She was short and stout. By the time I knew her she had close-cropped snow-white hair and always wore a particular black dress. It was her uniform, and was usually a repulsive collage of food stains and dandruff. The dress was a mess but Zoe wasn't. She'd worked as some kind of math genius. Retired, she devoted her time to culture.

One day I made the mistake of telling her that I was on my way to see the movie Babe. She acted betrayed. "Talking pigs?" she winced. "Don't expect George Orwell." Zoe disdained the intellectually puny with an exaggerated roll of her eyes and an agitated pinch of her small wrinkled mouth. But despite the protest, an hour later there she was at the multiplex, propped up in an aisle seat in her awful dress and a worse shawl, waiting sour-faced to prove herself right. God, how I love old people.

For ten years I've been reading Shakespeare with seniors. I'm no scholar. I've got no formal education past high school. But in run-down centers and sleek over-air-conditioned Manhattan auditoriums, I pore over the texts with hundreds of unsentimental octogenarians.

Zoe was ringleader for a group of women who'd grown up on the Lower East Side. Seventy years later they still traveled as a gang. Navigating the crisscross grid of New York City bus routes, they transferred to movies, ballet, and Shakespeare. Eventually they found me and immediately started acting like a fan club. They'd show up wherever I was speaking. For a while, in restaurants, they'd huddle together a few tables away, mooning over me like bobby-soxers. The old ladies would have the waiter bring me a glass of red wine. They'd gesture a toast.

"We don't mean to bother you," they'd coo. "We're just so excited about the Shakespeare that we couldn't wait till next week."

It's almost impossible to say how much it meant to have those tart old women on my side. Love in the romantic sense has mostly skipped past me. I have no children, no witness who's been with me the whole way. My childhood was consecrated to a sick sibling and I never completely emerged from that darkness. Those geriatric cheerleaders gave something I hadn't had since my grandparents.

For a while Zoe acted like a smitten seventh grader. She'd shove bunched-up notes into my fist. They weren't personal in the ordinary way. They were about Shakespeare.

"Merchant?" was scrawled on an envelope she dropped into my bag. Inside, she'd neatly written an appeal.

Dearest Professor (Zoe got a kick out of ennobling my status),



What would you think of us reading the Merchant of Venice next? Many in the group are Jewish. Is the play anti-Semitic? Please consider this a respectful request.
Your admiring student,



Zoe

The morning we started Merchant there were eighty people jammed into the back room of the senior center.
Ten minutes into the play, Zoe's hand shot up, her patience already worn thin. "He's of his time," she pronounced. "William Shakespeare's no philosopher. He's not a deity. Shakespeare's depicting the world, not fixing it."
Eventually we landed on the scene where Shylock's daughter elopes. Knowing she'll break her father's Old Testament heart, Jessica steals his money, some cherished jewels, and at night, disguised as a page, runs off with a Christian boy.

JESSICA Here, catch this casket, it is worth the pains.
I am glad 'tis night — you do not look on me, —
For I am much asham'd of my exchange:
But love is blind, and lovers cannot see

The pretty follies that themselves commit,

For if they could, Cupid himself would blush

To see me thus transformed to a boy.



LORENZO Descend, for you must be my torch-bearer.



JESSICA What, must I hold a candle to my shames? —
They, in themselves (goodsooth) are too too light.
Why, 'tis an office of discovery (love),
And I should be obscur'd.

LORENZO So are you (sweet)
Even in the lovely garnish of a boy.
But come at once,
For the close night doth play the runaway,
And we are stay'd for at Bassanio's feast.



JESSICA I will make fast the doors and gild myself
With some moe ducats, and be with you straight.

— The Merchant of Venice, 2.6

When I paused, a woman at the back stood up as stiffly as a kid in parochial school and in a thick New York accent she said, "Salvatore Massuchi."

At first it sounded like a single word: "salvamusuchi." Italian? Maybe Latin? The room was packed with retired teachers. Was it some obsolete syndrome in rhetoric? My usual pang of undereducation pricked.

"He was a boy on Mulberry Street." The old woman smiled. "He lived right across the air shaft. My mother warned me never to look at him. We were Orthodox Jews. My father was strict. My little brothers wore payess."

The woman watched all of us watching her. "Salvatore Massuchi had beautiful eyes and shiny hair like chocolate. He was so handsome in his Saint Francis Xavier Grammar School uniform. We never spoke to each other, not even in July standing together in line at the ice wagon. Then one day my mother said that the Italians on four had moved to New Rochelle or Rye, some exotic-sounding place north of the city."

"What about Salvatore Massuchi?" I asked.

"My daughter married an Italian. I think I encouraged her because in 1919 I wasn't even allowed to look. My husband's been dead for ten years. I've never thought of another man, but while you were reading I kept picturing Salvatore Massuchi. I don't know anything about literature, but I think maybe Shakespeare's not mad at Jessica."

In the front row Sara raised her hand. I don't think I'd ever heard her voice. Zoe usually did the talking. "That's exactly how it was, just like she said, religious parents new to America, but trying to stay faithful to the past. Now that I'm old it's easy to see what a difficult balancing act it was."

She looked at me for a minute. "I'm on Jessica's side, too. Venice for a Jewish kid must have been a little like Mott Street." The old maid got angry. "Damn it, Jessica's got a right to her own happiness."

Everyone laughed, and for a few minutes some very old women said the names of little boys who hadn't quite faded into the abyss of memory, Salvatore Massuchi, Mike O'Rourke, Frankie somebody, Billy...

My heart, sweet boy, shall be thy sepulchre, For from my heart thine image ne'er shall go.
— King Henry VI, Part III, 2.5

It's eight years later and I'm starting to read Hamlet with a huge group of old people at the Ninety-second Street Y.

Enter Barnardo and Francisco, two sentinels.

BARNARDO Who's there?



FRANCISCO Nay, answer me. Stand and unfold yourself.
— Hamlet, 1.1

When I talk about the plays I unfold myself to myself, and sometimes hidden in the folds are forgotten events that can, for a moment, make the standing a little harder. Some days, discussing four-hundred-year-old words with the elderly, it's about ghosts. Zoe's dead, so's Sara, maybe even the woman who'd loved Salvatore Massuchi, and that's an important part of it, too. The impermanence of life is all around me. What's left is memory. It's such a huge part of Shakespeare, so many specters and resurrections, so much haunting from the past.

In its own way, my life is a resurrection and I am most certainly haunted by a delicate and undismissible ghost.

Right after I started reading Shakespeare with old people, I decided to move back to where I was born. I rented a tiny dilapidated house that was built before the American Revolution, 1770. I live near a river, a mile or so above where it meets Long Island Sound. I've come back hoping to find something I dropped in my first desperate need to leave. At twenty-one I had run from an unhappy childhood and, too young to know better, I thought I could hide from memory.

For almost forty years, it was as if I'd hidden something deep in the breast pocket of a coat that I no longer wear. Every so often, I'd put the coat on and tentatively reach into the pocket half believing my buried thing wouldn't be there anymore, expecting it to have crumbled with age and neglect or to have simply disappeared. It never has. It never will, because it's not a thing, it's a person.

When I was twenty-one and my retarded sister was almost eighteen, my parents decided that we could no longer care for her. The decision was made to find a place for Carolyn to spend the rest of her life. A "school" was selected that met with what my family could afford. It's a state institution.

The day she left, my father asked if she wanted to do her favorite thing — take a ride. She bounced toward the car with her bizarre, palsied gait, her hands — her beautiful long thin pale hands — twisted grotesquely around each other and held high just under her chin. She always shook with excitement at the idea of a ride. She's fifty-seven now and I'm told that she still shakes wildly when there's a ride and ice cream. I haven't seen her do it since that day so long ago, when she left our house and my life forever. It's like one of those late, melancholy, Shakespeare plays that mathematical Zoe never understood.

Six weeks after Carolyn went away to the Southbury Training School I was allowed to visit her. Until then she had to be acclimated to the place. It was a world she could not have known existed, and as the only world she did know, we couldn't interfere. The waiting passed painfully. The worst of my own terrors of abandonment haunted me. I couldn't stop the pictures in my mind of how afraid and lonely she must feel.

Finally the day came to see her. I was terrified. I felt sick all the way on the long drive. How could I just walk out after a visit? How could I see her often? Was it more hurtful to come and not take her home? It tore at me. I was young.

When we reached the Southbury Training School we drove up the hill to a tall, mock Georgian brick building. It was a cliché of the 1930s institution. I asked my parents if I could go in alone to get her. I needed my first reaction for just me and her. It was hard to see her again, here, to know that I would just stay awhile and then go back to New York and leave behind this person who in many ways I knew much better than I knew myself.

Inside I asked a friendly nurse for directions. As I went up the iron stairs and down the long white hall I could hear my sister. She was saying my name over and over. She knew very few words — car, go to bed, Bobby. Even now in my old red house by the river all these years later I can hear her voice, her young lost voice, singsong — "Bobby...Bobby...Bobby."

I took her carefully down the stairs and out into the October sunlight. We walked hand in hand to my parents' car and got into the backseat. We went for a ride in the beautiful Connecticut countryside, and at a certain point my father pulled the car off the road. I think it was somewhere on the school's property. There was a hill and a cornfield. I helped my sister out of the car. I took Carolyn's beautiful hand and together we carefully climbed the hill. The October air was wonderful. There was a warm wind. I remember thinking that my parents, in the distance below, seemed little and old and lost, standing by our car. I took Carolyn through the rows of corn. There was a stone wall to sit on with a view of the beautiful Connecticut valley with all its autumn color. I was overcome by sadness. I didn't drive. I couldn't get back on my own. I said out loud to no one, "Why did they give you a brute's haircut? I've always loved your hair. I've always loved you. I've always taken care of you. Please let me go!"

There is a willow grows askant the brook

That shows his hoary leaves in the glassy stream.

Therewith fantastic garlands did she make

Of crow-flowers, nettles, daisies, and long purples,

That liberal shepherds give a grosser name,

But our cold maids do dead men's fingers call them.
There on the pendant boughs her crownet weeds

Clamb'ring to hang, an envious sliver broke,

When down her weedy trophies and herself

Fell in the weeping brook. Her clothes spread wide,
And mermaid-like awhile they bore her up,

Which time she chanted snatches of old lauds,
As one incapable of her own distress,
Or like a creature native and indued
Unto that element. But long it could not be
Till that her garments, heavy with their drink,
Pull'd the poor wretch from her melodious lay
To muddy death.
— Hamlet, 4.7



(Italian book cover)

Blending tragedy and comedy, Bob Smith weaves together his childhood memories with his experiences backstage and teaching the plays. The result is a gorgeous, tender, infectious book about the restorative powers of literature and art.


11/02/2010

THROWBACK THURSDAY - THE HUMAN COMEDY BY WILLIAM SAROYAN (1943)

Good read from the past.
It’s been some time since I last read pages from this novel with my students. And this is one of my favourite American novels ever. I got to hear of it during a beautiful show dealing with words, good books & music I saw on Tv and, since then, I’ve tried to read at least part of it to as many young people as I have been able to. Not in the last three years, though.

It’s a story built on very simple facts, very ordinary people, very simple words which aims at transforming history and reality into unheroic epic mythology. That of everyday battles and sufferings. It is a story set in California in the time of WWII but it is actually a story beyond space and time. There is a Homer ( the 16 year old protagonist )and a Ulysses (his little brother) and a Marcus (his elder brother at war). They live in Ithaca, San Joaquin Valley. They’ve got a sister and a mother. But there are no heroes. The Macauleys’ struggles and dreams reflect those of America’s second generation immigrants but-  and especially- also  those of any human being at any time in any place. No , they are not heroic epic figures but real life protagonists of  THE HUMAN COMEDY.

My favourite character is Homer, the protagonist, in his teen, determined to become the fastest telegraph messenger in the West, happy to be the man of the family in a difficult moment. Happy to ride his bycicle in the wind. But it’s wartime. Time to grow – up for him. Childhood ends when we realize sufference and death exist and are there inescapably for all of us. Homer becomes aware of that little by little: he is a messenger of death. A mother opens the door, he gives her a telegram and …

“It wasn’t Homer fault. His work was to deliver telegrams. Even so, he felt awkward and almost as if he alone were responsible for what had happened (… )He was on his bycicle suddenly, riding swiftly down the dark street, tears coming out of his eyes, his mouth whispering crazy young curses. When he got back to the telegraph office the tears had stopped, but everything else had started and he knew there would be no stopping them” (pp.26/28)

(Homer and Ulysses playing)

But the passage I like best in this novel is Marcus’s letter from the front to his younger brother Homer. Unforgettable. Touching.
“Dear Homer: First of all. everything of mine at home is yours – to give to Ulysses when you no longer want them : my books, my phonogram, my records, my clothes when you’re ready to fit into them, my bycicle, my microscope, my fishing tackle, my collection of rocks from Piedra, and all the other things of mine at home. They’re yours because you are now the man of the Macauley family of Ithaca. The money I made last year at the packing house I have given to Ma of course, to help out. It is not nearly enough, though. I don’t know how you are going to be able to keep our family together and go to high school at the same time, But I believe you will find a way. My army pay goes to Ma, except for a few dollars that I must have, but this money is not enough either. It isn’t easy for me to hope for so much from you, when I myself did not begin to work until I was 19, but somehow I believe that you will be able to do what I didn’t do.
I miss you of course and I think of you all the time. I am OK and even though I have never believed in wars – and know them foolish even when they are necessary – I am proud that I am involved, since so many others are and this is what’s happening. I do not recognize any enemy which is human, for no human being can be my enemy. Whoever he is, he is my friend. My quarrel is not with him, but with that unfortunate part of him which I seek to destroy in myself first.
I do not feel like a hero. I have no talent for such feelings. I hate no one. I do not feel patriotic either, for I have always loved my country, its people, its towns, my home, and my family. I would rather I were not in the Army. I would rather there were no War. I have no idea what is ahead, but whatever it is I am resigned and ready for it. I’m terribly afraid – I must tell you this – but I believe that when the time comes I shall do what is right for me. I shall obey no command other than the command of my own heart. (…)
More than anything I want to come back to Ithaca. I want to come back for Mary and a family of my own. We leave soon – for action, but nobody knows where the action will be. Therefore this maybe my last letter to you for some time. I hope it’s not the last of all, but if it is, hold us together. (…) I am glad I am the Macauley who is involved in this War, for it would be a pity and a mistake if it were you.
I can say in a letter what I could never say in speech. You are the best of the Macauleys. Nothing must stop you. Now I’ll write your name here, to remind you: Homer Macauley. That’s who you are. I miss you. I can’t wait to see you again. God bless you. So long. Your brother, Marcus” (pp. 166 -168)

So simple, so compelling.

I can’t say exactly why,  but it moves me to tears. Each time. Each time I read it silently. Each time I ask one of my students to read it loud. Even now… typing it here for you.

 
 
 

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